Past Perfect Tense

Uji pemahaman Anda

Fungsi dari past perfect

Past perfect merujuk ke waktu lebih awal dari sebelum sekarang. Tense ini digunakan untuk memperjelas bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi sebelum kejadian lain di masa lalu. Tidak penting kejadian mana yang disebutkan lebih dahulu karena tense akan menunjukkan kejadian mana yang terjadi lebih dahulu.

Dalam contoh-contoh ini, kejadian A adalah kejadian yang terjadi lebih dahulu, dan kejadian B adalah kejadian kedua atau yang lebih baru:

Kejadian A Kejadian B
John had gone out when I arrived in the office.
Kejadian A Kejadian B
I had saved my document before the computer crashed.
Kejadian B Kejadian A
When they arrived we had already started cooking.
Kejadian B Kejadian A
He was very tired because he hadn't slept well.

Membentuk past perfect

Past perfect tense dalam bahasa Inggris tersusun dari dua bagian: past tense dari kata kerja to have (had) + past participle dari kata kerja utama.

Subjek had past participle
Positif
She had given
Negatif
She hadn't asked
Pertanyaan
Had they arrived?
Pertanyaan negatif
Hadn't you finished?
To decide, past perfect
Positif Negatif Pertanyaan
I had decided I hadn't decided Had I decided?
You had decided You hadn't decided Had you decided?
She had decided She hadn't decided Had she decided?
We had decided We hadn't decided Had we decided?
They had decided They hadn't decided Had they decided?

Past perfect + just

Just digunakan dengan past perfect untuk merujuk ke kejadian yang hanya sedikit lebih awal dari sebelum sekarang, seperti:

  • The train had just left when I arrived at the station.
  • She had just left the room when the police arrived.
  • I had just put the washing out when it started to rain.
Uji pemahaman Anda